A magnetic porous carbon material derived from an MIL-101(Fe) complex for efficient magnetic solid phase extraction of fluoroquinolone antibiotics

Abstract

Extraction and determination of trace hazardous components from complex matrices continue to attract public attention. In this work, magnetic porous carbon (MPC) was prepared for efficient magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics in food and water samples. To prepare the MPC, an Fe-based metal–organic framework (MIL-101(Fe)) was grown on a network of graphene oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes through a hydrothermal method, and then a carbonization process under a nitrogen atmosphere was carried out to obtain the MPC with high specific surface area and good magnetism. Four target FQs including ciprofloxacin (CIP), enrofloxacin (ENO), lomefloxacin (LOM) and ofloxacin (OFX) were enriched using the as-prepared MPC and determined by coupled high-performance liquid chromatography. Under the optimal conditions, the established MSPE-HPLC-UV detection method exhibited a linear range of 0.5–800 μg L⁻¹ and detection limits of 0.11–0.18 μg L⁻¹ with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.5–4.8%. When applied in the determination of the above four FQs in real samples such as lake water, milk and pork, good recoveries between 85.2 and 103.7% were obtained, and the RSDs were less than 4.8%. This work indicates that the MPC material can be a good adsorption material and has good application prospects in antibiotics enrichment and/or removal from complex samples.