Intense absorption of azulene realized by molecular orbital inversion

Abstract

The introduction of diarylamino groups at the 2- and 6-positions of azulene was found to invert the order of the orbital energy levels and allowed the HOMO−LUMO transition, resulting in a substantial increase in absorbance in the visible region. In addition, the stability of their one-electron oxidised species was improved by introducing bromine or methoxy groups at the 1- and 3-positions.