A minor metabolite from Curcuma longa effective against metabolic syndrome: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the presence of at least three interrelated risk factors, including central obesity, hypertension, elevated serum triglycerides, low serum high-density lipoproteins, and insulin resistance. Abdominal obesity is considered a predominant risk factor. Lifestyle changes with medications to lower cholesterol, blood sugar, and hypertension are the general treatment approaches. Functional foods and bioactive food ingredients represent versatile tools for addressing different aspects of MetS. In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical study, we evaluated the effect of Calebin A, a minor bioactive phytochemical from Curcuma longa, on metabolic syndrome in obese adults (N = 100), and 94 individuals completed the study (N = 47 in both groups). They were subjected to Calebin A supplementation for 90 days, which resulted in a statistically significant reduction in their body weight, waist circumference, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels compared to those with the placebo. A small but significant increase in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels was also observed in these individuals. Furthermore, Calebin A showed a positive effect on adipokines by reducing circulating leptin levels. Finally, C-reactive protein levels were significantly reduced in Calebin A-supplemented individuals, suggesting a beneficial impact on managing MetS-induced inflammation. Blood glucose levels, insulin resistance, and blood pressure levels were not affected by Calebin A. In conclusion, Calebin A may be an effective supplement for managing abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and systemic inflammation in individuals with metabolic syndrome. This study was prospectively registered on the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI) with the registration number CTRI/2021/09/036495. https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/advancesearchmain.php