A highly explicit electrochemical biosensor for catechol detection in real samples based on copper-polypyrrole

Abstract

Catechol is a pollutant that can lead to serious health issues. Identification in aquatic environments is difficult. A highly specific, selective, and sensitive electrochemical biosensor based on a copper-polypyrrole composite and a glassy carbon electrode has been created for catechol detection. The novelty of this newly developed biosensor was tested using electrochemical techniques. The charge and mass transfer functions and partially reversible oxidation kinetics of catechol on the redesigned electrode surface were examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry scan rates. Using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and differential pulse voltammetry, the characteristics of sensitivity (8.5699 μA cm⁻²), LOD (1.52 × 10⁻⁷ μM), LOQ (3.52 × 10⁻⁵ μM), linear range (0.02–2500 μM), specificity, interference, and real sample detection were investigated. The morphological, structural, and bonding characteristics were investigated using XRD, Raman, FTIR, and SEM. Using an oxidation–reduction technique, a suitable biosensor material was produced. In the presence of interfering compounds, it was shown that it was selective for catechol, like an enzyme.