Effects of aging and hydrothermal treatment on the crystallization of ZSM-5 zeolite synthesis from bentonite

Abstract

In the present study, Lam Dong bentonite clay was utilized as a novel resource to effectively synthesize microporous ZSM-5 zeolite (Si/Al ∼ 40). The effects of aging and hydrothermal treatment on the crystallization of ZSM-5 were carefully investigated. Herein, the aging temperatures of RT, 60, and 80 °C at time intervals of 12, 36, and 60 h, followed by high temperature hydrothermal treatment (170 °C) for 3–18 h were studied. Techniques such as XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR, TGA-DSC, and BET-BJH were applied to characterize the synthesized ZSM-5. Bentonite clay showed great benefits as a natural resource for ZSM-5 synthesis and is cost efficient, environment friendly, and has a large reserves. The form, size, and crystallinity of ZSM-5 were greatly influenced by aging and hydrothermal treatment conditions. The optimal ZSM-5 product had high purity, crystallinity (∼90%), and porosity (BET ∼380 m² g⁻¹) as well as thermal stability, which are beneficial for adsorptive and catalytic applications.