Introduction of a new and safe synthesis procedure for Ni-MOF-I in aqueous solution and its application for the extraction of some pesticides from different beverages

Abstract

For the first time, this research introduces an analytical application of Ni-MOF-I, which was used as an adsorbent in a dispersive micro solid phase extraction procedure followed by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the extraction and preconcentration of seven pesticides from different fruit juices. Also, Ni-MOF-I was synthesized by a new and green method with many advantages over the previously published synthesis procedures. For example, effortless and green synthesis, no need for autoclaves and ovens, and elimination of organic solvent usage are the main highlights. The synthesized Ni-MOF-I was characterized by applying nitrogen adsorption/desorption, energy-dispersive X-ray, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, and X-ray diffraction analyses. The studied pesticides were extracted and preconcentrated by the proposed method. Then, the extracted analytes in the sedimented organic phase were injected into a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Acceptable analytical results such as low limits of detection (0.15–0.60 μg L⁻¹) and quantification (0.50–2.0 μg L⁻¹), reasonable extraction recoveries (51–80%), high enrichment factors (255–400), satisfactory relative standard deviation values of 4.8–7.2% (intra-day precision, n = 6) and 5.3–7.5% (inter-day precision, n = 4), and wide linear ranges were obtained. The proposed method can be introduced as an effective analytical technique based on Ni-MOF-I for the analysis of different pesticides in fruit beverages.