A novel stilbazolium derivative crystals of 4-[2-(4-dimethyl amino-phenyl)-vinyl]-1-methyl-pyridinium+ bromide− (DMSB) single crystal: exploration of the growth, molecular structure, linear optical, and third order nonlinear properties

Abstract

A novel third-order stilbazolium derivative single crystal, 4-[2-(4-dimethyl amino-phenyl)-vinyl]-1-methyl-pyridinium bromide (DMSB), was fruitfully harvested using methanol as a medium, through a slow evaporation technique. The solubility of the prepared DMSB powder was experimentally tested at different temperatures (30 °C to 50 °C) with a methanol solvent. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (SCXRD) implied that the DMSB crystal crystallized in a centrosymmetric fashion (space group P2₁/c) with the monoclinic crystal system. The molecular weight of the element present in DMSB was confirmed by CHN elemental analysis. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic study confirmed the molecular structure of the DMSB crystal. All the functional group vibrations raised from the title compound were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). From the UV-visible spectrum, the absorbance nature and band gap of the grown DMSB crystal were determined. The photoluminescence study of the grown crystal exhibited an emission peak at 660 nm, which is attributed to the red light emission in the EM spectrum. The morphological characteristics of the crystal were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Hirshfeld surface analysis was employed to quantitatively explore the non-covalent interactions that are accountable for the crystal packing. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility was determined experimentally and it was found to be 1.6 × 10⁻⁸ esu. These favourable Z-scan analysis results indicate that the DMSB crystal is a good candidate for different applications, such as photonics devices, optical computing, optical switches, and optical limiting.