Solution processing of crystalline porous material based membranes for CO2 separation

Abstract

The carbon emission problem is a significant challenge in today's society, which has led to severe global climate issues. Membrane-based separation technology has gained considerable interest in CO₂ separation due to its simplicity, environmental friendliness, and energy efficiency. Crystalline porous materials (CPMs), such as zeolites, metal–organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks, and porous organic cages, hold great promise for advanced CO₂ separation membranes because of their ordered and customizable pore structures. However, the preparation of defect-free and large-area crystalline porous material (CPM)-based membranes remains challenging, limiting their practical use in CO₂ separation. To address this challenge, the solution-processing method, commonly employed in commercial polymer preparation, has been adapted for CPM membranes in recent years. Nanosheets, spheres, molecular cages, and even organic monomers, depending on the CPM type, are dissolved in suitable solvents and processed into continuous membranes for CO₂ separation. This feature article provides an overview of the recent advancements in the solution processing of CPM membranes. It summarizes the differences among the solution-processing methods used for forming various CPM membranes, highlighting the key factors for achieving continuous membranes. The article also summarizes and discusses the CO₂ separation performance of these membranes. Furthermore, it addresses the current issues and proposes future research directions in this field. Overall, this feature article aims to shed light on the development of solution-processing techniques for CPM membranes, facilitating their practical application in CO₂ separation.