Ionic conduction in ammonia functionalised closo-dodecaborates MB12H11NH3 (M = Li and Na)

Abstract

Metal hydroborates and their derivatives have been receiving attention as potential solid-state ion conductors for battery applications owing to their impressive electrochemical and mechanical characteristics. However, to date only a fraction of these compounds has been investigated as solid-state electrolytes. Here, MB₁₂H₁₁NH₃ (M = Li and Na) hydroborates are synthesized and investigated as electrolyte materials for all-solid-state batteries. The room temperature α-NaB₁₂H₁₁NH₃ was structurally solved in P2₁2₁2₁ (a = 7.1972(3) Å, b = 9.9225(4) Å, and c = 14.5556(5) Å). It shows a polymorphic structural transition near 140 °C to cubic Fmm. LiB₁₂H₁₁NH₃ and NaB₁₂H₁₁NH₃ exhibit cationic conductivities of σ(Li⁺) = 3.0 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ and σ(Na⁺) = 1.2 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ at 200 °C. Hydration is found to improve ionic conductivity of the hydroborates. It is presumed that modest ionic conductivities could be due to a lack of significant re-orientational dynamics in the crystal structure resulting from the presence of the bulky –NH₃ group in the anion.