Issue 2, 2024

Using slow sand filter for organic matter and suspended solids removal as post-treatment unit for wastewater effluent

Abstract

Certain applications of wastewater after treatment necessitate the implementation of a post-treatment system (PTS) to elevate effluent quality, especially in cases where human exposure, such as irrigation, is a possibility. Slow sand filters (SSF) have emerged as a pivotal technology in PTS; these systems offer the advantage of significantly enhanced effluent quality. This research endeavors to assess the efficiency of a supply pond by incorporating top-surface funnel units at its outlets. Additionally, it comprehensively evaluates the overall performance of a PTS that was designed to serve as tertiary treatment for secondary-treated effluent originating from the Rafah Wastewater Treatment Plant in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. The PTS design demonstrated substantial efficacy, including a 70% reduction in biochemical oxygen demand, a 60% reduction in chemical oxygen demand, and an impressive 79.5% reduction in fecal coliform levels. Furthermore, this unit eliminates 53% of total suspended solids (TSS). However, despite these achievements, the presence of residual biological pollutants presents challenges regarding the water's suitability for agricultural applications.

Graphical abstract: Using slow sand filter for organic matter and suspended solids removal as post-treatment unit for wastewater effluent

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
25 Jun 2023
Accepted
20 Sep 2023
First published
30 Sep 2023

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2024,10, 490-497

Using slow sand filter for organic matter and suspended solids removal as post-treatment unit for wastewater effluent

S. Y. Alnahhal, A. A. Elfari, S. A. Afifi and A. E. R. Aljubb, Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2024, 10, 490 DOI: 10.1039/D3EW00467H

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