Breaking new grounds: metal salts based-deep eutectic solvents and their applications- a comprehensive review

Abstract

Metal salt-based deep eutectic solvents (MSDESs) have recently developed a torrent of leading-edge applications in endless areas of chemistry. DESs with a metal salt as a counterpart have shown exceptional efficiency in numerous applications. Owing to their distinctive features and characteristics, MSDESs have lately taken over the realm of science. Because of the abundance of metal salts in the earth's crust, low cost, and green solvents, MSDESs can find their way into a variety of industries in the near future. This review focuses on the synthesis, classification, and physiochemical properties of MSDESs. It also explains the utilization of MSDESs in various fields such as electrochemistry, microextraction, absorption of gases, synthesis, desulfurization, catalysis, and biomass pretreatment. MSDES can broaden the frontiers of the research field as an eco-friendly and economical solvent. These metal salts as paramagnetic ions (magnetic component) can synthesize magnetic deep eutectic solvents (MDESs) that are responsive to an external magnetic field. The new subclass of MSDESs, which are magnetic deep eutectic solvents, are discussed along with their applications.