Assessing the efficacy of aluminum metal clusters Al13 and Al15 in mitigating NO2 and SO2 pollutants: a DFT investigation

Abstract

The present investigation delves into the adverse environmental impact of atmospheric pollutant gases, specifically nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂), which necessitates the identification and implementation of effective control measures. The central objective of this study is to explore the eradication of these pollutants through the utilization of aluminum Al₁₃ and Al₁₅ metal clusters, distinguished by their unique properties. The comprehensive evaluation of gas/cluster interactions is undertaken employing density functional theory (DFT). Geometric optimization calculations for all structures are executed using the ωB97XD functional and the Def2-svp basis set. To probe various interaction modalities, gas molecule distribution around the metal clusters is sampled using the bee colony algorithm. Frequency calculations employing identical model chemistry validate the precision of the optimization calculations. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) methodologies are applied for the analysis of intermolecular interactions. This research establishes the robust formation of van der Waals attractions between the investigated gas molecules, affirming aluminum metal clusters as viable candidates for the removal and control of these gases.