High-yield, fast, and green synthesis of acridine derivatives using a Co/C catalyst from rice husks with a microwave-assisted method

Abstract

The concepts about “microwave-assisted synthesis” and “microwave reaction enhancement” have become increasingly popular because of their appropriateness in different organic transformations. The advantages of utilizing microwaves in the field of chemistry are indisputable, and the utilization of high-speed, microwave-assisted reactions has undeniably gained significant traction and recognition. In the present study, Co/C material, an amorphous carbon-containing metal, and after characterization, it has been used as an acidic Lewis catalyst for the synthesis of acridine derivatives through a one-pot, multi-component pathway with solvent H₂O supported by microwave irradiation. The advantages of this method are the decrease of the reaction duration and the use of an eco-friendly solvent that is compatible with the reusability of the Co/C catalyst, and the reaction performance remains stable, up to 87%.