Multi-site isomerization of synergistically regulated stimuli-responsive AIE materials toward multi-level decryption

Abstract

Stimuli-responsive aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials are highly sensitive and rapidly responsive to external signals, making them ideal solid materials for anti-counterfeiting encryption. However, the limited conformational and packing variations resulting from regio-isomerization with a single substituent restricts the stimuli-responsive behavior of these materials. In this work, several AIE-active regio-structural isomers based on the salicylaldehyde Schiff base scaffold have been straightforwardly obtained through multiple substitutions with bromide and triphenylamine moieties. Solvent-effect experiments demonstrate their different orders of charge-transfer and excited-state intramolecular proton transfer upon photoexcitation, indicating the regulation of excited-state processes via multi-site isomerization. These isomers also demonstrate mechanochromism and acidichromism, allowing for adjustable stimuli-responsive effects. As a demonstration, p-Br-TPA with both mechanochromism and acidichromism can be synergistically utilized for multi-level decryption. This study successfully regulates the evolution of excited states through multi-site isomerization, offering a general approach for achieving tunable stimuli-responsive properties in AIE-active salicylaldehyde Schiff bases toward multi-level decryption.