Issue 31, 2024

Recent advances for enhanced photodynamic therapy: from new mechanisms to innovative strategies

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been developed as a potential cancer treatment approach owing to its non-invasiveness, spatiotemporal control and limited side effects. Currently, great efforts have been made to improve the PDT effect in terms of safety and efficiency. In this review, we highlight recent advances in innovative strategies for enhanced PDT, including (1) the development of novel radicals, (2) design of activatable photosensitizers based on the TME and light, and (3) photocatalytic NADH oxidation to damage the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Additionally, the new mechanisms for PDT are also presented as an inspiration for the design of novel PSs. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future prospects in the clinical practice of these innovative strategies. It is hoped that this review will provide a new angle for understanding the relationship between the intratumoural redox environment and PDT mechanisms, and new ideas for the future development of smart PDT systems.

Graphical abstract: Recent advances for enhanced photodynamic therapy: from new mechanisms to innovative strategies

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
30 Dec 2023
Accepted
11 Jul 2024
First published
12 Jul 2024
This article is Open Access

All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Chem. Sci., 2024,15, 12234-12257

Recent advances for enhanced photodynamic therapy: from new mechanisms to innovative strategies

X. Wang, J. Peng, C. Meng and F. Feng, Chem. Sci., 2024, 15, 12234 DOI: 10.1039/D3SC07006A

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