Issue 16, 2024

Tin–lead halide perovskite solar cells with a robust hole transport layer

Abstract

The photovoltaic performance and stability of tin–lead perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are undermined by the reaction between the perovskite layer and the commonly used hole contact, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) : polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT : PSS). In addition to its acidity issue, the PSS polyelectrolyte can be etched by polar solvents within the perovskite precursor, exposing the highly doped PEDOT chains and resulting in carrier quenching at the buried interface. Here, an inorganic salt, cesium carbonate (CC), is incorporated to convert the labile PEDOT : PSS mixture into a robust polymer substrate. The salt induces substantial morphological transformation in the polymer matrix with enhanced interchain coupling, rendering the PEDOT : PSS resistant to polar solvents. The modified hole contact suppresses redox reactions, chemical degradation, and recombination losses at the buried interface. Single-junction methylammonium-free tin–lead PSCs achieved an efficiency of 23.18% (certified 22.30%). The encapsulated device retained 91% of its initial efficiency after 500 hours of maximum power point operation under AM1.5G one-sun illumination.

Graphical abstract: Tin–lead halide perovskite solar cells with a robust hole transport layer

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
18 Dec 2023
Accepted
12 Mar 2024
First published
13 Mar 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024,12, 9518-9526

Tin–lead halide perovskite solar cells with a robust hole transport layer

C. Li, Y. Zhang, H. Zhao, Z. Yu, J. Zhang, P. Zhang and H. Chen, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 9518 DOI: 10.1039/D3TA07845K

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