A sensitive electrochemical sensor based on CoWO4/multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the selective determination of chlorpromazine hydrochloride

Abstract

In this work, a novel electrochemical sensor based on cobalt tungstate/multi-walled carbon nanotube (CoWO₄/MWCNT) nanocomposites has been used to detect chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ). The CoWO₄/MWCNT nanocomposite was obtained by solvothermal technology and ultrasonic method and analyzed using different characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical behavior of CoWO₄/MWCNT/GCE was explored using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Electrochemical experiments confirm that CoWO₄/MWCNT/GCE exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity towards CPZ with good selectivity, reproducibility and stability. The linear dynamic range of CPZ was observed to be 1–2000 μM with a detection limit of 0.33 μM. Moreover, the actual sample was analyzed using lake water with satisfactory results, portraying the sensor as a potential candidate for the detection of CPZ.