Unleashing the potential of rare earth ions in modified calcium titanate for strategic anti-counterfeiting application

Abstract

Technological advancements have intensified the demand for effective counterfeiting protection. This work presents multi-level security features in a (Ca,Zn)TiO₃:Pr³⁺,Er³⁺ phosphor. A dual doping strategy synergistically results in dynamically changing luminescence emission. Upon excitation at 379 nm, the sample exhibits a yellowish green emission and exhibits deep red persistent emission for 12 minutes.