Visible light-induced photoisomerization of indole–oxindole constructs: molecular disassembly and ROS-mediated apoptosis

Indole–oxindole constructs (IOCs) have been formulated, showcasing their potential of light mediated photoisomerization. The unusual intramolecular hydrogen bonding interaction present in IOCs facilitates the exclusive synthesis of Z-isomers. IOC-4-Z stands out with its excellent photophysical characteristics due to its aggregation-induced emission (AIE) features. Upon blue light irradiation, it undergoes molecular disassembly and produces ROS to exhibit a chemo-phototherapeutic effect.