An all-vanadium-based lithium-ion full battery with hierarchical yolk–shell structure electrodes

Abstract

An all-vanadium-based lithium-ion full battery is successfully assembled with hierarchical micro–nano yolk–shell structures V₂O₅ and V₂O₃ as the cathode and anode, which were obtained through a facile solvothermal method with heat treatment under different atmospheres. When used as the cathode of the lithium-ion battery, the hierarchical micro–nano yolk–shell V₂O₅ demonstrated higher capacities than bulk V₂O₅, commercial LiFePO₄, and LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ cathodes at various current densities. The all-vanadium-based lithium-ion full battery shows good cycle performance at 0.1C and stable charge/discharge abilities at large current densities. The electrochemical performance of the full battery results from the low impedance and pseudocapacitance-dominated lithium storage mechanism derived from the micro–nano yolk–shell structure.