Tumor microenvironment-responsive S-NSs-TPZ-ICG intelligent nanoplatforms for synergistically enhanced tumor multimodal therapy

Abstract

Nanosheet carriers loaded with drugs and phototherapeutics are used for effective cancer therapy, but the process remains challenging. Here, we prepared sulfur nanosheets (S-NSs) and then loaded tirapazamine (TPZ) and indocyanine green (ICG) with a loading efficiency of 6.3% and 94%, respectively. The obtained S-NSs-TPZ-ICG exhibits near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence, high ¹O₂ generation and photothermal conversion capabilities, good biocompatibility, and tumor microenvironment responsiveness. In vivo and in vitro experiments reveal that S-NSs-TPZ-ICG can be selectively decomposed under acidic and H₂O₂ conditions to release TPZ and ICG, and significantly inhibit tumor growth under laser irradiation without obvious toxic side effects.