An efficient biomimetic nano-regulator inducing simultaneous calcium ion/nitric oxide/energy metabolism triple homeostasis disruption for synergetic cancer therapy

Abstract

Inducing homeostasis disruption in cancer cells will cause severe cytotoxicity and apoptosis for cancer therapy. However, comprehensive intracellular active homeostatic mechanisms make it still a daunting challenge. Reported herein is a biomimetic nano-regulator for mutually reinforcing Ca²⁺/NO/energy metabolism triple homeostasis disruption via cascade reactions.