GeO2/graphene nanofiber anode for low-temperature lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Graphite is the most successful anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) but often encounters difficulties in cold climates, resulting in low capacity and inability to rapidly charge. Furthermore, Li-plating would be formed on the surface of graphite, leading to serious safety problems. In this work, a binder free GeO₂/graphene nanofiber (GeO₂@G NF) anode was prepared via the electrospinning method for low-temperature lithium-ion batteries. The synergetic effect of graphene, amorphous GeO₂ and nanofiber structure enabled GeO₂@G NF electrode to achieve improved low-temperature performance. Specifically, at −20 °C, the electrode could be operated at 3C rate (360 mA h g⁻¹). At −40 °C, the electrode could release a high capacity of 431 mA h g⁻¹ (0.2C). This work provides a potential anode material towards fast-charging and high-capacity LIBs under low-temperature.