Prenylated bacterial natural products: occurrence, chemical diversity, biosynthesis and bioactivity

Abstract

Covering: 2000 to 2024

Prenylated bacterial natural products (NPs), catalyzed by cluster-situated prenyltransferases (PTs), exhibit large structural diversity and broad biological activities and have received increasing attention for novel drug discovery and development. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent progress in the investigation of prenylated bacterial NPs. To highlight the structural and chemical space of prenylated bacterial NPs, we discuss their occurrence, structures, biosynthesis and bioactivities. Representative examples are summarized with illustrations of PT-catalyzed biosynthetic pathways of distinct NP classes, which present new opportunities for the discovery of novel prenylated bacterial NPs. The mechanistic study of PTs involved in bacterial NP biosynthesis has been outlined, and prenylated bacterial NPs hold great promise as novel biocatalysts for the synthesis of novel drug leads in modern medicine.