Issue 16, 2013

Urine adulteration: can bleach be used to mask MDMA use?

Abstract

Concerns regarding specimen integrity have long been a major issue of urine drug testing due to acts of urine adulteration. At a high concentration, in vitro urine adulteration using sodium hypochlorite (bleach) produced false-negative results for 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in CEDIA® immunoassay screening with strong negative readings. However, these strong negative readings may act as a warning sign for further investigation of the sample where the detection of a unique marker in the form of N-chloroMDMA will suggest urine adulteration via bleach. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified N-chloroMDMA is a major product formed between hypochlorite and MDMA in urine. N-ChloroMDMA was found stable at 4 °C for at least 10 h, but decomposed over time at room temperature (20 °C) with MDMA being identified as one of its main decomposition products.

Graphical abstract: Urine adulteration: can bleach be used to mask MDMA use?

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
01 Apr 2013
Accepted
13 Jun 2013
First published
14 Jun 2013
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Anal. Methods, 2013,5, 3948-3955

Urine adulteration: can bleach be used to mask MDMA use?

A. Q. N. Pham, T. Kelly and S. Fu, Anal. Methods, 2013, 5, 3948 DOI: 10.1039/C3AY40543E

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