Mechanical characteristics of human red blood cell membrane change due to C60nanoparticleinfiltration

Abstract

The mechanical characteristics of human red blood cell (RBC) membrane change due to C₆₀ nanoparticle (NP) infiltration have been investigated in the present work. Using experimental approaches, including optical tweezer (OT) stretching and atomic force microscopy (AFM) indentation, we found that RBCs in the presence of C₆₀ NPs are softer than normal RBCs. The strain–stress relations of both normal and C₆₀ infiltrated RBC membranes are extracted from the data of AFM indentation, from which we proved that C₆₀ NP infiltration can affect the mechanical properties of RBC membrane and tend to weaken the tensile resistance of lipids bilayers. In order to explain this experimental phenomenon, a mechanical model has been developed. Based on this model, the strain–stress relations of both normal and C₆₀ infiltrated lipid bilayers are calculated with consideration of intermolecular interactions. The theoretical results are in great agreement with the experimental results. The influence of C₆₀ NP concentration on the mechanical properties of RBC membrane is successfully predicted. Higher concentrations of C₆₀ NPs in the lipid bilayers will lead to increased damage to the cell membrane, implying that the dosage of C₆₀ NPs should be controlled in medical applications.