Probing a highly efficient dual mode: down–upconversion luminescence and temperature sensing performance of rare-earth oxide phosphors†
Abstract
A dual mode rare-earth based oxide phosphor (Y0.977Yb0.02Er0.003NbO4), demonstrating both down conversion (DC) and upconversion (UC) emission, has been developed using a facile solid state reaction method which can be easily scaled-up for large quantities. In the DC studies, the material exhibits a strong blue emission with a long decay time (4.36 μs), corresponding to the charge transfer band of [NbO4]3− under UV excitation (262 nm), and a green emission of the Er3+ ions under blue (379 nm) excitation. Furthermore, it has been noticed that under infrared (976 nm) excitation, this phosphor shows strong green and red emission along with relatively weak emission bands in the UV-blue and IR regions, which confirm the compatibility of this phosphor for UC too. In the UC emission, the 2H11/2 → 4I15/2 and 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transitions of the Er3+ ion portray a temperature dependent behaviour and have been used for temperature sensing (optical thermometry) using the fluorescence intensity ratio (