Energy efficiency of heterogeneous catalytic microwave-assisted organic reactions

Abstract

The energy efficiency of microwave-assisted reactions was studied under heterogeneous catalytic conditions. Based on earlier publications the choice of catalyst was a semi-synthetic montmorillonite K-10. This material absorbs microwave energy effectively and is an excellent catalyst for microwave-assisted organic synthesis. The energy consumption of six different types of K-10 catalyzed reactions with multiple substrates and varied experimental parameters were determined under microwave irradiation and conventional heating. The parallel reactions were carried out under the same conditions to ensure the comparability of the data. While in the majority of the studied reactions, the microwave-assisted method appeared to be more energy efficient by various extents, in one case the conventional heating was found to be more efficient. The data, in agreement with a previous report, indicate that reactions should be studied on a case-by-case basis and that an automatic green label for microwave-assisted reactions is not warranted.