Ultratrace detection of glucose with enzyme-functionalized single nanochannels

Abstract

A sensitive nano-device for D-glucose detection is prepared by modifying a single conical polymer nanochannel with GOx enzymes. The current–voltage (I–V) characterization suggests that the nano-device responds to D-glucose rather than its enantiomer at concentrations down to 1 nM (10⁻⁹ mol L⁻¹). Moreover, the nano-device exhibits good reproducibility and specificity for D-glucose and is an ideal candidate for commercial non-invasive blood glucose meters in the future.