Core–shell Co3O4/α-Fe2O3 heterostructure nanofibers with enhanced gas sensing properties

Abstract

1D Co₃O₄/α-Fe₂O₃ core–shell nanofibers were successfully fabricated by a facile and template-free coaxial electrospinning method, and developed for acetone gas detection. Morphology and component characterizations confirm that the as-prepared 1D heterostructures possess a well-defined core–shell structure with Co₃O₄ in the core and α-Fe₂O₃ in the shell. The unique 1D core–shell nanostructures, heterojunction effect at the Co₃O₄/α-Fe₂O₃ interfaces and the catalysis of Co₃O₄ endow the Co₃O₄/α-Fe₂O₃ core–shell nanofiber-based sensor with an enhanced gas sensing performance in terms of good sensing selectivity, high sensitivity (11.7), rapid response/recovery times (2 s/20 s) and better reproducibility for acetone gas. The gas sensing mechanism is proposed in detail. Overall, the 1D Co₃O₄/α-Fe₂O₃ core–shell heterostructure nanofibers synthesized through coaxial electrospinning make a promising and effective acetone sensor.