Issue 67, 2015

Insensitive energetic 5-nitroaminotetrazolate ionic liquids

Abstract

Five energetic ionic liquids of 5-nitroaminotetrazolate anion (NAT) combined with 1,3-dimethylimidazolium (1), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (2), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (3), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium (4), and 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium (5) cations were synthesized in high yields and fully characterized by IR, NMR and elemental analysis. Colorless block crystals of 1 were isolated in methanol/ethanol and crystallized in the orthorhombic system Fdd2(43) (a = 49.337(3) Å, b = 20.9073(12) Å, c = 3.6993(2) Å, V = 3815.84(38) Å3, Z = 16). The ionic liquids 1–5 are thermally stable at temperatures higher than 200 °C. Among them, 2–5 are found to be room temperature ionic liquids. The heats of formation of 1–5 obtained by both experimental and theoretical methods are all positive. 1 possesses the highest value of 194.6 kJ mol−1 and 0.86 kJ g−1. These novel NAT energetic ionic liquids contain only C, H, N and O elements. The CHNO type ionic liquids 1–5 are insensitive towards impact (>40 J) and friction (>360 N). They showed good combustion characteristics after being ignited by a flame. They are of interest as liquid energetic materials with modestly high energy, high thermal stability, and good insensitivity to impact and friction, as well as environmentally friendly decomposition gases.

Graphical abstract: Insensitive energetic 5-nitroaminotetrazolate ionic liquids

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
23 Apr 2015
Accepted
16 Jun 2015
First published
16 Jun 2015

RSC Adv., 2015,5, 54527-54534

Insensitive energetic 5-nitroaminotetrazolate ionic liquids

Y. Gao, L. Zhang, L. He, Y. Zhao, N. Tang, W. Yuan and G. Tao, RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 54527 DOI: 10.1039/C5RA07415K

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