ZrO2-β-cyclodextrin catalyzed synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles and 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles under solvent free conditions and evaluation of their antibacterial study

Abstract

A series of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles and 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles catalyzed by ZrO₂-supported-β-cyclodextrin (ZrO₂-β-CD) under solvent free conditions have been synthesized and characterized by spectral methods. The nanoparticles (ZrO₂-β-CD), prepared by a simple one-pot-coprecipitation method and were characterized by PXRD, SEM, and TEM techniques. The nano (ZrO₂-β-CD) particles were found to be an effective heterogeneous reusable catalyst for the effective synthesis of imidazoles and benzimidazoles under solvent free conditions and all of the synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against six bacterial strains.