The valence and size of cations influence mass diffusion and oxygen defects in ceria. Here we show that reduction of Ce4+ to Ce3+, at high temperatures and low oxygen activity, activates fast diffusion mechanisms which depend on the aliovalent cation concentration. As a result, polycrystalline solid solutions with enhanced electrochemical properties are formed.
D. W. Ni, D. Z. de Florio, D. Marani, A. Kaiser, V. B. Tinti and V. Esposito, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 18835 DOI: 10.1039/C5TA05537G
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