Recent advances in the direct fabrication of millimeter-sized hierarchical porous materials

Abstract

Millimeter-sized hierarchical porous materials are easy to handle and recover in practical applications, and have no potential safety hazards. Such materials are very useful, and the fabrication of millimeter-sized products without additional binders and complex post-treatments is challenging and promising. This review focuses on the recently emerged techniques for the direct preparation of millimeter-sized hierarchical materials, where sedimentation polymerization, emulsion-template method, phase inversion method, direct carbonization and deposition method by using preformed biopolymer beads and microfluidics method are discussed and summarized.