Issue 108, 2016

Ultra-long MWCNTs highly oriented in electrospun PVDF/MWCNT composite nanofibers with enhanced β phase

Abstract

We report aligned polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite nanofibers, in which micrometer-long MWCNTs were highly oriented within the PVDF nanofiber matrix and thus the β-phase formation was enhanced. The PVDF/MWCNT composite nanofibers were successfully fabricated via far-field electrospinning at a low injection rate of 0.1 mL h−1. In this work, we propose a method to eliminate defects and excess amorphous carbon in order to visualize and capture high-resolution images of MWCNTs within the nanofibers using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM studies show that the MWCNTs were embedded within the nanofiber matrix and oriented parallel to the fiber axis. Moreover, the α- to β-phase transformation was led by both the electrospinning process and electrostatic interactions between the highly oriented MWCNTs and the PVDF chains, and the β-phase content was found to be 86.6% (at 0.1 wt% MWCNT), as verified using wide angle X-ray diffraction patterns.

Graphical abstract: Ultra-long MWCNTs highly oriented in electrospun PVDF/MWCNT composite nanofibers with enhanced β phase

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
29 Sep 2016
Accepted
25 Oct 2016
First published
25 Oct 2016

RSC Adv., 2016,6, 106690-106696

Ultra-long MWCNTs highly oriented in electrospun PVDF/MWCNT composite nanofibers with enhanced β phase

X. Liu, S. Xu, X. Kuang and X. Wang, RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 106690 DOI: 10.1039/C6RA24195F

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