A three-dimensional sponge of graphene nanoribbons crosslinked by Fe3O4 nanoparticles for Li+ storage

Abstract

A three-dimensional sponge of graphene nanoribbons crosslinked by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs), which is denoted as 3D Fe₃O₄@GNRs, is synthesized using a simple reflux procedure. In this hybrid, GNRs with open and active edges are used as building blocks while Fe₃O₄ NPs are employed not only as anode materials but as a crosslinking agent to weld GNRs at the joints, resulting in the assembly of a 3D porous sponge. The 3D Fe₃O₄@GNR hybrid exhibits super-high cycling performance (1700 mA h g⁻¹ over 100 cycles at 0.1 A g⁻¹) and excellent rate capability (1265 mA h g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹), demonstrating a significant advancement in anode active materials with high energy density for lithium ion batteries.