Property prediction and pharmacokinetic evaluation of mixed stoichiometry cocrystals of zafirlukast, a drug delivery case study

Abstract

Cocrystals have been identified as a method for ensuring the delivery of poorly soluble drugs. Development of cocrystal phases presents many challenges, with the in vivo drug delivery benefits difficult to predict robustly. Additional to this, many of the benefits seen in the literature do not use formulation strategies which are representative of the clinical dosage form. Zafirlukast has been shown to possess poor development properties. It is poorly soluble and difficult to manufacture. Here we present a case study highlighting the benefits of cocrystals in this context, outlining the discovery, formulation and improved pharmacokinetics of mixed stoichiometry cocrystals of zafirlukast. This case study outlines methods, which could be broadly applied to other drug molecules, for determination of the properties of cocrystals through a suite of in vitro experiments that display a predictive pathway from physical form discovery to enhanced in vivo activity in animal models.