Smart composite films of nanometric thickness based on copper–iodine coordination polymers. Toward sensors

Abstract

One-pot reactions between CuI and methyl or methyl 2-amino-isonicotinate give rise to the formation of two coordination polymers (CPs) based on double zig–zag Cu₂I₂ chains. The presence of a NH₂ group in the isonicotinate ligand produces different supramolecular interactions affecting the Cu–Cu distances and symmetry of the Cu₂I₂ chains. These structural variations significantly modulate their physical properties. Thus, both CPs are semiconductors and also show reversible thermo/mechanoluminescence. X-ray diffraction studies carried out under different temperature and pressure conditions in combination with theoretical calculations have been used to rationalize the multi-stimuli-responsive properties. Importantly, a bottom-up procedure based on fast precipitation leads to nanofibers of both CPs. The dimensions of these nanofibres enable the preparation of thermo/mechanochromic film composites with polyvinylidene difluoride. These films are tens of nanometers in thickness while being centimeters in length, representing smaller thicknesses so far reported for thin-film composites. This nanomaterial integration of CPs could represent a source of alternative nanomaterials for opto-electronic device fabrication.