Modelling of a sustainable refugee camp drainage system for stormwater management

Abstract

A novel decentralised Sustainable Refugee Camp Drainage System (SRCDS) has been developed for the effective management of stormwater in the Dadaab refugee camp, Kenya. The SRCDS uses the principle of Best Management Practices (BMPs) for runoff generated from extreme rainfall events in order to minimise flooding of inhabited areas of the camp. The performance of the drainage system was modelled by the Storm-water Management Model (SWMM) and Micro Drainage Sustainable Drainage Systems (MDSuDS) software to obtain: (i) the total stormwater flow in a sub-catchment in order to obtain total runoff volume and peak runoff rate and (ii) the required dimensions of the SRCDS to effectively drain and store runoff for reuse. The results showed that the total volume of runoff generated over the sub-catchment area reduces significantly as the volume of water drained by the SRCDS increases, and the peak runoff rate decreases as the size of the SRCDS increases. The SRCDS was effective in dealing with the peak rate and total volume of runoff anticipated.