Flower-like Bi2S3 nanostructures as highly efficient anodes for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Herein, we introduce the detailed electrochemical reaction mechanism of Bi₂S₃ (bulk as well as nanostructure) as a highly efficient anode material with Li-ions in an all-solid-state Li-ion battery (LIB). Flower-like Bi₂S₃ nanostructures were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and were used as an anode material in a LIB with LiBH₄ as a solid electrolyte. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern verified the formation of Bi₂S₃ nanostructures, which belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system (JCPDS no. 00-006-0333) with the Pbnm space group. Morphological studies confirmed the flower-like structure of the obtained product assembled from nanorods with the length and diameter in the range of 150–400 nm and 10–150 nm respectively. The electrochemical galvanostatic charge–discharge profile of these nanostructures demonstrates exciting results with a high discharge and charge capacity of 685 mA h g⁻¹ & 494 mA h g⁻¹ respectively at 125 °C. The discharge and charge capacities were observed as 375 mA h g⁻¹ and 352 mA h g⁻¹ after 50 cycles (with 94% coulombic efficiency), which are much better than the cells having bulk Bi₂S₃ as the anode material.