Molecular mechanism with regard to the binding selectivity of inhibitors toward FABP5 and FABP7 explored by multiple short molecular dynamics simulations and free energy analyses

Abstract

Recently, fatty acid binding proteins 5 and 7 (FABP5 and FABP7) have been regarded as the prospective targets for clinically treating multiple diseases related to FABPs. In this work, multiple short molecular dynamics (MSMD) simulations followed by binding free energy calculations were performed to investigate the binding selectivity of three inhibitors, namely, 65X, 8KS, and 5M8 toward FABP5 and FABP7. The RMSF analysis suggests that the structural flexibility of FABP5 is stronger than that of FABP7; moreover, the calculated molecular surface area of FABP5 is also larger than that of FABP7. Meanwhile, the results from the cross-correlation analysis show that the inhibitor bindings exert different impacts on the internal dynamics of FABP5 and FABP7. Binding free energies predicted by the molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) method indicate that the increase in the enthalpy changes caused by the bindings of inhibitors toward FABP7 relative to FABP5 mostly drives the binding selectivity of the inhibitors toward FABP5 versus FABP7. Hierarchical clustering analysis based on the energy contributions of separate residues and calculations of residue-based free energy decompositions were carried out by using the equilibrated MSMD trajectories. The obtained results not only recognize the hot interaction spots of inhibitors with FABP5 and FABP7, but also display that several common residues, namely, (T56, T54), (L60, F58), (E75, E73), (A76, A78), (D79, D77), (R81, R79), (R107, R109), (C120, L118), and (R129, R127) belonging to (FABP5, FABP7) induce obvious binding differences in the inhibitors toward FABP5 and FABP7. Therefore, these residues play significant roles in the binding selectivities of inhibitors toward FABP5 and FABP7.