Extremely low-frequency phonon material and its temperature- and photo-induced switching effects

Abstract

Atomic vibrations due to stretching or bending modes cause optical phonon modes in the solid phase. These optical phonon modes typically lie in the frequency range of 10² to 10⁴ cm⁻¹. How much can the frequency of optical phonon modes be lowered? Herein we show an extremely low-frequency optical phonon mode of 19 cm⁻¹ (0.58 THz) in a Rb-intercalated two-dimensional cyanide-bridged Co–W bimetal assembly. This ultralow frequency is attributed to a millefeuille-like structure where Rb ions are very softly sandwiched between the two-dimensional metal–organic framework, and the Rb ions slowly vibrate between the layers. Furthermore, we demonstrate temperature-induced and photo-induced switching of this low-frequency phonon mode. Such an external-stimulation-controllable sub-terahertz (sub-THz) phonon crystal, which has not been reported before, should be useful in devices and absorbers for high-speed wireless communications such as beyond 5G or THz communication systems.