Thickness-induced band-gap engineering in lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 for highly efficient photocatalysis

Abstract

In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) lead-free double perovskites have been attracting much attention because of their unique performance in photovoltaic solar cells and photocatalysis. Nonetheless, how thickness affects the photoelectric properties of lead-free double perovskite remains unclear. In this work, by means of density functional theory (DFT) with a spin orbit coupling (SOC) effect, we have investigated the electronic and optical properties systemically, including band structures, carrier mobility, optical absorption spectra, exciton-binding energies, band edges alignment and molecule adsorption performance of Cs₂AgBiBr₆ with different thicknesses. The calculated results revealed the thickness-induced band gap and optical performance for Cs₂AgBiBr₆. It shows a low band gap and outstanding optical absorption of visible and ultraviolet light. When the thickness is reduced to a monolayer, Cs₂AgBiBr₆ moves from an indirect band gap to a direct band gap. Moreover, the carrier mobility of Cs₂AgBiBr₆ is excellent and the exciton-binding energy increases with the decreased thickness. Importantly, an analysis of molecule adsorption and band edge alignment indicates that Cs₂AgBiBr₆ is prone to H₂O adsorption and H₂ desorption theoretically, which is conducive to the photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen generation and other photovatalytic reactions. Our work suggests that Cs₂AgBiBr₆ is a potential candidate as a solar cell or a photocatalyst, and we provide theoretical explorations into reducing the layers of lead-free double perovskite materials to 2D atomic thickness for a better photocatalytic application, which can serve as guidelines for the design of excellent photocatalysts.