Fabrication of a lead ion selective membrane based on a polycarbazole Sn(iv) arsenotungstate nanocomposite and its ion exchange membrane (IEM) kinetic studies

Abstract

A polycarbazole-Sn(IV) arsenotungstate (Pcz-SnAT) nanocomposite cation exchanger membrane (CEM) was prepared via the casting solution technique utilizing polycarbazole-Sn(IV) arsenotungstate and PVC (polyvinyl chloride) as a binder. The synthesis of the Pcz-SnAT membrane was confirmed via various characterization methods such as EDX, SEM, TGA, XRD, and FTIR spectroscopy. This membrane having a 4.5 : 1 composition ratio of composite by PVC exhibited the most effective outcomes for swelling, thickness, porosity, and water content. Our research indicates that the present ion selective membrane electrode is selective towards Pb(II) ions, with the detection limit ranging from 1 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹ to 1 × 10⁻¹ mol L⁻¹ where 20 s is the response time and 3–7 is the working value pH. The mechanism of the Pcz SnAT ion exchange membrane was obtained by kinetic studies by utilizing the equation given by Nernst Planck at 40–80 °C. As a result, activation energy and thermodynamic studies were done. The analytical utility of this electrode is conventional by utilizing it as an electrode indicator within the potentiometric titration.