A novel BMSN (biologically synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticles) material: synthesis using a bacteria-mediated biosurfactant and characterization

Abstract

Mesoporous materials (MMs) have recently been applied as advanced nanomaterials in different fields (separation, catalysis, adsorption etc.). Synthesis of MMs by chemical surfactants is not ecofriendly. This study focused on the biological synthesis of a MM by sol–gel method, using a Bacillus subtilis BBK006-mediated surfactant (template) and a precursor (TEOS). The biologically synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (BMSN) were formed at calcination temperatures of 450–600 °C. The BMSN comprise Si and O elements with specific weights of 56.09% and 42.13% respectively, where the atomic% was detected to be 41.79% and 55.10%, respectively. The phase identity of the synthesized particles (61–300 nm uniform spherical shape; surface area: 8.2616 m² g⁻¹; pore diameter at 550 °C: 14.8516 nm) was confirmed with wide-angle XRD (10°–81°). A typical type IV isotherm was exhibited (BET curves) following IUPAC nomenclature and confirmed the mesoporous nature. The green-synthesized biosurfactant-mediated BMSN is an environmentally promising material to apply in biomedical science (e.g., antimicrobial activity, drug delivery, CMC, anticancer activity) and oil spill management.