Tandem [4 + 2]/[2 + 2] cycloaddition of o-carboryne with enynes: facile construction of carborane-fused tricyclics

Abstract

o-Carboryne (1,2-dehydro-o-carborane) is a very useful synthon for the synthesis of a variety of carborane-functionalized molecules. With 1-Li-2-OTf-o-C₂B₁₀H₁₀ as the precursor, o-carboryne undergoes an efficient [4 + 2] cycloaddition with various conjugated enynes, followed by a subsequent [2 + 2] cycloaddition at room temperature, generating a series of carborane-fused tricyclo[6.4.0.0^2,7]dodeca-2,12-dienes in moderate to high isolated yields. This reaction is compatible with many functional groups and has a broad substrate scope. A reactive carborane-fused 1,2-cyclohexadiene intermediate is involved, which is supported by experimental results and DFT calculations. This protocol offers a convenient strategy for the construction of complex carborane-functionalized tricyclics.