An impedimetric approach for COVID-19 detection

Abstract

In this study, an electrochemical approach for the determination of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was developed. The biosensor system relied on the spike protein (S-protein) based infection mechanism of the virus and included separate interactions of receptors like angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and CD147. After the optimization of experimental parameters, the analytical characteristics of both receptors ACE2 and CD147 were investigated. For ACE2 receptor, the linear detection ranges of the S-protein were found in the range of 700 ng mL⁻¹ to 1500 ng mL⁻¹ and from 1500 ng mL⁻¹ to 7000 ng mL⁻¹ with a limit of detection (LOD) value of 299.30 ng mL⁻¹. Meanwhile, for CD147 receptor the linear range was in the range of 500 ng mL⁻¹ to 5000 ng mL⁻¹ with a LOD value of 38.99 ng mL⁻¹. After the examination of analytical characteristics, the developed electrochemical approach was applied for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 samples and the obtained results were validated with real time polymerase chain reaction method.