Extraction and preconcentration of Ni(ii), Pb(ii), and Cd(ii) ions using a nanocomposite of the type Fe3O4@SiO2@polypyrrole-polyaniline

Abstract

In this study, the application of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@polypyrrole-polyaniline magnetic nanocomposite was studied for Ni(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) ions preconcentration extraction. In this regard, the silica layer prevents the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) from aggregating over a broad pH range value and simultaneously improves chemical stability and hydrophilicity. By using a Box–Behnken design, the effect of various parameters affecting the preconcentration was studied. FAAS was employed to quantify the eluted analytes. The detection limits are 0.09, 1.1, and 0.3 ng mL⁻¹ for Ni(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II), ions, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs%) were calculated for determining the method's precision, lower than 7.5%. The capacities of sorption are 75, 84, and 98 mg g⁻¹, respectively. With the usage of a certified reference material, the developed method was validated. After that, the validated method was employed to rapidly extract trace target ions from food samples and gave satisfactory results.