Volume 2, 2023

A sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor based on a ZnO/Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite

Abstract

A novel sensitive and selective ZnO/Co3O4/rGO nanocomposite was fabricated using a hydrothermal method and used as a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for the detection of glucose. The morphology and structure of the ZnO/Co3O4/rGO composite were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. The electrochemical properties of the as-synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and single potential time base (TB) amperometry. The ZnO/Co3O4/rGO nanocomposite exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with higher catalytic activity, lower working potential (0.55 V), and low charge transfer resistance for the electrochemical oxidation of glucose, which can be attributed to the presence of high conductive reduced graphene oxide sheets on the surface of the electrode. Under optimal conditions, the ZnO/Co3O4/rGO glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified electrochemical glucose sensor demonstrated a wide linear range (0.015–10 mM), high sensitivity (1551.38 μA mM−1 cm−2), low detection limit (0.043 μM) and fast response time (∼3 s) to glucose determination. In addition, the ZnO/Co3O4/rGO/GCE sensor was able to detect glucose even in the presence of biologically interfering molecules and chloride ions. The sensor achieved appreciable repeatability, reproducibility, and long-term stability. Moreover, the practical application of the ZnO/Co3O4/rGO/GCE electrochemical sensor is very appropriate for the detection of glucose in real samples for medical diagnostic and food industries, and the results positively agreed with those collected using the spectrophotometric method in the hospital and the glucose label value in food industries.

Graphical abstract: A sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor based on a ZnO/Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
17 Oct 2022
Accepted
02 Dec 2022
First published
23 Dec 2022
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Sens. Diagn., 2023,2, 347-360

A sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor based on a ZnO/Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite

B. A. Hussein, A. A. Tsegaye, G. Shifera and A. M. Taddesse, Sens. Diagn., 2023, 2, 347 DOI: 10.1039/D2SD00183G

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