An unusual ionic cocrystal of ponatinib hydrochloride: characterization by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ultra-high field NMR spectroscopy

Abstract

This study describes the discovery of a unique ionic cocrystal of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) ponatinib hydrochloride (pon·HCl), and characterization using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) and solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy. Pon·HCl is a multicomponent crystal that features an unusual stoichiometry, with an asymmetric unit containing both monocations and dications of the ponatinib molecule, three water molecules, and three chloride ions. Structural features include (i) a charged imidazopyridazine moiety that forms a hydrogen bond between the ponatinib monocations and dications and (ii) a chloride ion that does not feature hydrogen bonds involving any organic moiety, instead being situated in a “square” arrangement with three water molecules. Multinuclear SSNMR, featuring high and ultra-high fields up to 35.2 T, provides the groundwork for structural interpretation of complex multicomponent crystals in the absence of diffraction data. A ¹³C CP/MAS spectrum confirms the presence of two crystallographically distinct ponatinib molecules, whereas 1D ¹H and 2D ¹H–¹H DQ–SQ spectra identify and assign the unusually deshielded imidazopyridazine proton. 1D ³⁵Cl spectra obtained at multiple fields confirm the presence of three distinct chloride ions, with density functional theory calculations providing key relationships between the SSNMR spectra and H⋯Cl⁻ hydrogen bonding arrangements. A 2D ³⁵Cl → ¹H D-RINEPT spectrum confirms the spatial proximities between the chloride ions, water molecules, and amine moieties. This all suggests future application of multinuclear SSNMR at high and ultra-high fields to the study of complex API solid forms for which SCXRD data are unavailable, with potential application to heterogeneous mixtures or amorphous solid dispersions.